Mu rwego rwo kubyaza umusaruro inganda no gutwara amashanyarazi,ibyiciro bitatu moteri yamashanyarazis nibikoresho byingenzi bigize ibikoresho, kandi kwizerwa kwabo ni ngombwa. Kimwe mu bipimo byingenzi byo gupima ubwizerwe bwa moteri nigihe cyo hagati yo kunanirwa (MTBF). Gusobanukirwa niki kimenyetso nuburyo bwizewe bwo kugerageza no kugenzura bifite akamaro kanini kubakoresha guhitamo neza no gukoresha neza moteri.
Igihe kiri hagati yo kunanirwa bivuga uburebure buringaniye bwigihe moteri ishobora gukora ubudahwema kunanirwa mubihe byihariye nigihe. Kuri moteri ikora cyane ibyiciro bitatu bya moteri idafite moteri, MTBF yabo yibasiwe nibintu byinshi nkubwiza bwibishushanyo, uburyo bwo gukora, guhitamo ibikoresho, hamwe nibidukikije bikora. Mugukoresha bisanzwe no kubungabunga, MTBF yamoteri yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi ikora neza ibyiciro bitatu moteri idafite imbaragas mubisanzwe igera kumasaha ibihumbi mirongo cyangwa irenga.
Hariho itandukaniro muri MTBF ya moteri yinganda zitandukanye, moderi nibisobanuro. Ibirangantego bizwi hamwe n’abakora ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere barashobora kuzamura cyane MTBF ya moteri binyuze mu guhanga udushya R&D, gukoresha ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge hamwe nuburyo bunoze. Mubice bifite ibisabwa byizewe cyane nkumurongo utanga inganda zikoresha inganda, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ikirere, nibindi, moteri igomba kugira MTBF ndende kugirango umusaruro ukomeze n'umutekano.
Uburyo bwo kwizerwa no kugenzura uburyo bwa moteri
Kugirango umenye neza moteri, urukurikirane rwuburyo bukomeye bwo kugerageza no kugenzura bikoreshwa mugutezimbere no gukora moteri.
Ikizamini cyo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibidukikije: Moteri igomba gupimwa mubushyuhe butandukanye, ubushuhe, umuvuduko wumwuka nibindi bihe. Imikorere ya moteri kandi yizewe mubihe bishyushye bigeragezwa no kwigana ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ubushobozi bwo gutangira moteri hamwe nubushakashatsi bwakorewe igeragezwa ahantu hafite ubushyuhe buke, kandi ikizamini cy’ubushuhe kigenzura ubushyuhe bwa moteri hamwe n’imikorere y’amashanyarazi mu bidukikije. Ibi bizamini bifasha kuvumbura ibibazo bishoboka na moteri mubihe bitandukanye bidukikije no gufata ingamba zo kunoza.
Ikizamini kiramba: Gereranya imiterere yigihe kirekire ikora ya moteri, urebe impinduka mubipimo nkizamuka ryubushyuhe bwa moteri, kunyeganyega, urusaku, kandi niba hari amakosa. Mugihe kimwe, kora inshuro nyinshi gutangira no guhagarika ibikorwa kugirango ugerageze moteri itangira no guhagarika imikorere no guhuza nibikorwa kenshi.
Ikizamini cyo gukora amashanyarazi: Gupima no gusesengura ibipimo byamashanyarazi nka voltage, ikigezweho, ingufu, ningufu zingufu kugirango hubahirizwe ibisabwa byubushakashatsi hamwe nibipimo bifatika. Kora ibizamini byo kurwanya insulasiyo kandi uhangane na voltage kugirango ugenzure imikorere ya insulation n'umutekano w'amashanyarazi.
Ikizamini cyimikorere ya mashini: Gerageza imbaraga, gukomera, kwambara birwanya nibindi bintu bya moteri, shitingi, amazu nibindi bice bya mashini. Mugereranya imikorere mubihe bitandukanye byumutwaro, ubushobozi bwimitwaro hamwe nubuzima birageragezwa; igiti gikorerwa igeragezwa ryimbaraga za torsional kugirango urebe ko kitazavunika cyangwa kunanirwa mugihe gikora.
Moteri isobanura ikibazo cyakazi kitarangwamo ikibazo nikimenyetso cyingenzi cyokwizerwa, kandi uburyo bwo kugerageza kwizerwa nuburyo bwo kugenzura nuburyo bwingenzi bwo kwemeza ubwiza n’imikorere ya moteri. Iyo uhisemo aingandamoteri, abakoresha bagomba kwitondera MTBF yayo nuburyo bwo gupima no kugenzura kwizerwa bukoreshwa nuwabikoze muguhitamo ibicuruzwa bifite moteri bifite imikorere yizewe kandi byiza cyane kugirango batange imbaraga zihamye kubintu bitandukanye.