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Porogaramu

  • GUSABA (1) n3a

    Umurima w'amakara

    01
    Ibirombe by'amakara ni ahantu h’ingenzi mu gucukura amabuye y’amakara, kandi gukoresha moteri y’amashanyarazi mu birombe by’amakara ni ngombwa. Moteri y'amashanyarazi igira uruhare runini mu birombe by'amakara, kuva gutanga ingufu kugeza ibikoresho byo gutwara. Ingero zirimo: imashini zicukura amakara (zikoreshwa mu gutwara ibikoresho byo gucukura amakara, nkabacukura amakara n’imitwe y’imihanda), sisitemu ya convoyeur (gutwara imikandara ya convoyeur), ibikoresho byo guhumeka (gutanga umwuka mwiza ku birombe), ibikoresho byo kumena amazi (kuvanaho amazi adahagaze mu birombe), ibikoresho byo gutunganya amakara (nka crusher, sorter, nibindi), nibikoresho byo guterura ibikoresho (kwimura ibikoresho).
    Byongeye kandi, gukoresha moteri y’amashanyarazi mu murima w’amakara bifite ibyiza byinshi, nko kuzamura umusaruro, kubungabunga umutekano, kugabanya ingufu z’abakozi, no kuzamura ireme ry’amakara.
    Muri rusange, ikoreshwa rya moteri yamashanyarazi mumabuye yamakara ni impande nyinshi, igira uruhare rudasubirwaho kuva gutanga ingufu kubikoresho byo gutwara. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse n’ikoranabuhanga, ikoreshwa rya moteri y’amashanyarazi mu birombe by’amakara rizaba ryinshi kandi rifite ubwenge, ritanga inkunga y’ingufu zizewe ku musaruro utekanye no gukora neza mu birombe by’amakara.
  • GUSABA (2) k8l

    Amavuta na gaze

    02
    Moteri y'amashanyarazi igira uruhare runini murwego rwa peteroli na gaze. Zikoreshwa mu bikoresho byinshi n’imashini kugira ngo zikure, umusaruro no gutwara peteroli na gaze. Porogaramu ya moteri yamashanyarazi iva kumurongo wo gucukura kugeza kuri sisitemu yo gutwara imiyoboro. Ingero zirimo: kuvoma (kuvoma inkoni zo kuvoma), compressor (yo kotsa igitutu no gutwara gaze gasanzwe), ibikoresho byo kuvoma (nka pompe ya centrifugal, ikoreshwa mu gutwara peteroli na gaze karemano), ibikoresho byo gucukura (gutwara imashini zicukura ibikorwa byo gucukura), valves hamwe na moteri (kugenzura amashanyarazi atemba), hamwe nibikoresho bitanga ingufu za gasutamo (de disikuru) ubwoko bw'ibikoresho), n'ibindi.
    Gukoresha moteri yamashanyarazi mumurima wamakara bifite ibyiza byinshi, kongera umusaruro nibisohoka, kwemeza imikorere ihamye yibikoresho, guhuza nibidukikije bikora, no kumenya kugenzura no kugenzura byikora.
    Muri rusange, moteri y’amashanyarazi igira uruhare rudasubirwaho mu bucukuzi bwa peteroli na gaze, kandi itanga inkunga y’ingenzi mu mikorere y’inganda zose. Mu gihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, ikoreshwa rya moteri y’amashanyarazi rizakomeza gutera imbere, ritange umusanzu munini mu musaruro unoze ndetse n’iterambere rirambye ry’inganda za peteroli na gaze.
  • GUSABA (3) z36

    Amashanyarazi

    03
    Gukoresha moteri yamashanyarazi bigira uruhare runini mubijyanye nimbaraga zidukikije. Moteri y'amashanyarazi ni ibikoresho bihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ingufu za mashini, kandi zikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye n'amashanyarazi yangiza ibidukikije kugirango biteze imbere ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu no kuzamura ingufu. Ingero zirimo: kubyara ingufu z'umuyaga (gutwara umuyaga uhindura ingufu z'umuyaga mu mashanyarazi), kubyara amashanyarazi (bikoreshwa mu kugenzura imikorere ya hydraulic turbine), kubyara ingufu z'izuba (muri sisitemu zimwe na zimwe, moteri y'amashanyarazi irashobora gukoreshwa mu gukurikirana izuba hagamijwe kunoza imikorere), no kubyara ingufu za biomass (gutwara ibikoresho bijyanye no guhindura ingufu za biyomasi), n'ibindi.
    Kandi, hari ibyiza byinshi bya moteri mubijyanye nimbaraga zidukikije. Gukoresha neza amasoko yingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, kugabanya gushingira kumasoko yingufu gakondo. Mugabanye ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, byangiza ibidukikije. Kunoza imikorere yo guhindura ingufu no kwemeza itangwa ry'amashanyarazi. Gira uruhare mu gusohoza intego yiterambere rirambye.
    Muri make, moteri y’amashanyarazi ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije, ntabwo iteza imbere iterambere ry’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, ahubwo inatezimbere imikorere y’imikoreshereze y’ingufu, igira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’ingufu zo kurengera ibidukikije. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, nizera ko uruhare rwa moteri yamashanyarazi mubijyanye n’ingufu z’ibidukikije ruzagaragara cyane.
  • GUSABA (4) kx7

    Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro

    04
    Moteri y'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa mubikoresho byinshi n'imashini mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Moteri y'amashanyarazi igira uruhare runini mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro kuko itwara ibikoresho bitandukanye, kuva ibikoresho bizamura kugeza imashini zimenagura.
    Inzira zisanzwe zikoreshwa na moteri y'amashanyarazi mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro harimo ubwikorezi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ibikoresho byo gukuramo (nk'isoko y'ingufu z'imashini zivoma, nk'ibikoresho byo gucukura, imitwe y'imihanda, n'ibindi), uburyo bwo guhumeka (gutwara ibikoresho byo guhumeka no kwemeza ubwiza bw'umwuka wo munsi y'ubutaka), uburyo bwo kuvoma (kurinda imiyoboro y'amabuye y'agaciro), ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro (ibikoresho, ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gutunganya imashini zikoreshwa). crane, winches, nibindi bikoresho mu birombe), itara ryanjye (gutanga amashanyarazi yo gucana), ibikoresho byo gukurikirana.
    Gukoresha moteri y'amashanyarazi mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro biteza imbere umusaruro kandi bigatanga umutekano muke. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, imikorere ya moteri nayo ihora itera imbere kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenerwa bitandukanye mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro.
  • GUSABA (5) qc0

    Metallurgie

    05
    Mu rwego rwa metallurgie, moteri y’amashanyarazi ikoreshwa mubikoresho byinshi n’imashini zunganira gutunganya ibyuma no gukora. Moteri y'amashanyarazi igira uruhare runini mu nganda z'ibyuma kuko zitwara ibikoresho bitandukanye, birimo gushonga itanura, urusyo ruzunguruka, ibikoresho byo gukonjesha, n'umukandara wa convoyeur. Ibi bikoresho bisaba ubwoko butandukanye nubunini bwa moteri yamashanyarazi kugirango ihuze ingufu zikenewe.
    Moteri y'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi, nka: ibikoresho byo gushonga (gutwara imikorere yitanura, gutunganya inganda, nibindi), ibikoresho byo kuzunguruka (gutanga amashanyarazi kumashanyarazi, nibindi), gutunganya ibikoresho, guhumeka no kuvanaho umukungugu (kugirango harebwe niba aho bakorera ibikoresho byo guhumeka no kuvana umukungugu kugirango bikore neza) imashini zo guterura, ibikoresho byo kurengera ibidukikije (Gutwara imyuka ya gaze itunganya, gutunganya imyanda nibindi bikoresho).
    Izi porogaramu zituma umusaruro wibyuma bikora neza, byikora kandi bizigama ingufu, kuzamura ubwiza nibicuruzwa. Imikorere no kwizerwa bya moteri bigira uruhare runini mugukora neza inzira ya metallurgiki.
  • GUSABA (6) y7u

    Imiti

    06
    Moteri y'amashanyarazi igira uruhare runini mu nganda zikora imiti kandi zikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gukora. Umusaruro wimiti akenshi usaba ibikoresho byinshi byubukanishi bwo kuvanga, kuvanga, gutanga no gutunganya ibikoresho bibisi, kandi moteri nimbaraga zitera ibyo bikoresho.
    Moteri y'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bukoreshwa mu nganda z’imiti, nka: kuvanga ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo kuvoma (gutanga ingufu za pompe zitandukanye za chimique kugirango bigere ku ihererekanyabubasha ry’amazi), compressor, ibikoresho byo guhumeka, gutanga ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo gutandukanya, ibikoresho byumye, gukata, pulverizeri, imirongo ikora yimashini, gukonjesha umunara.
    Gukoresha moteri mu nganda zikora imiti bifasha kuzamura umusaruro, kurinda umutekano wumusaruro nubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Imikorere yabo no gushikama nibyingenzi mugukora neza umusaruro wimiti.